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CBIC Certified Infection Control Exam Sample Questions (Q36-Q41):
NEW QUESTION # 36
Which of the following descriptions accurately describes a single-use medical device?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is D, "A device used one time on a patient during a procedure and then discarded," as this accurately describes a single-use medical device. According to the Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology (CBIC) guidelines, a single-use device (SUD), also known as a disposable device, is labeled by the manufacturer for one-time use on a patient and is intended to be discarded afterward to prevent cross-contamination and ensure patient safety. This definition is consistent with regulations from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which designate SUDs as devices that should not be reprocessed or reused due to risks of infection, material degradation, or failure to restore sterility (CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competency 3.3 - Ensure safe reprocessing of medical equipment). Examples include certain syringes, catheters, and gloves, which are designed for single use to eliminate the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).
Option A (a device which can be used on a single patient) is too vague and could apply to both single-use and reusable devices, as reusable devices are also often used on a single patient per procedure before reprocessing.
Option B (a device that is sterilized and can be used again on the same patient) describes a reusable device, not a single-use device, as sterilization and reuse are not permitted for SUDs. Option C (a device used on a patient and reprocessed prior to being used again) refers to a reusable device that undergoes reprocessing (e.
g., sterilization), which is explicitly prohibited for SUDs under manufacturer and regulatory guidelines.
The focus on discarding after one use aligns with CBIC's emphasis on preventing infection through adherence to device labeling and safe reprocessing practices, ensuring that healthcare facilities avoid the risks associated with improper reuse of SUDs (CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competency 3.5 - Evaluate the environment for infection risks). This practice is critical to maintaining a sterile and safe healthcare environment.
References: CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competencies 3.3 - Ensure safe reprocessing of medical equipment, 3.5 - Evaluate the environment for infection risks. FDA Guidance on Reprocessing of Single-Use Devices, 2016.
NEW QUESTION # 37
A surgical team is performing a liver transplant. Which of the following represents the HIGHEST risk for transmission of a healthcare-associated infection?
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Glove Contamination and SSI Risk:
* Failure to change contaminated gloves increases the risk of surgical site infections (SSIs).
* Double-gloving with an outer glove change reduces contamination.
* Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
* B. Alcohol-based hand rubs: Are FDA-approved alternatives to traditional scrubs and effective.
* C. Delayed antibiotics: Increases infection risk, but immediate correction reduces harm.
* D. Airflow disruption: Can increase SSI risk, but glove contamination poses a more direct threat.
CBIC Infection Control References:
* APIC-JCR Workbook, "Surgical Infection Prevention," Chapter 6.
NEW QUESTION # 38
Infection Prevention and Control identified a cluster of Aspergillus fumigatus infections in the transplant unit.
The infection preventionist (IP) meets with the unit director and Environmental Services director to begin investigation. What information does the IP need from the Environmental Services director?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct answer is A, "Date of last terminal clean of the infected patient rooms," as this is the most critical information the infection preventionist (IP) needs from the Environmental Services director to begin the investigation of a cluster of Aspergillus fumigatus infections in the transplant unit. According to the Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology (CBIC) guidelines, Aspergillus fumigatus is an environmental fungus that thrives in areas with poor ventilation, construction dust, or inadequate cleaning, posing a significant risk to immunocompromised patients, such as those in transplant units. A terminal clean- thorough disinfection and cleaning of a patient room after discharge or transfer-is a key infection control measure to eliminate fungal spores and other pathogens (CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competency 3.4 - Implement environmental cleaning and disinfection protocols).
Determining the date of the last terminal clean helps the IP assess whether lapses in cleaning schedules or procedures could have contributed to the cluster, guiding further environmental sampling or process improvements.
Option B (hospital grade disinfectant used on the transplant unit) is relevant to the investigation but is secondary; the IP would need to know the cleaning schedule first to contextualize the disinfectant's effectiveness. Option C (use of dust mitigating strategies during floor care) is important, as Aspergillus spores can be aerosolized during floor maintenance, but this is a specific procedural detail that follows the initial focus on cleaning history. Option D (date of the last cleaning of the fish tank in the waiting room) is unlikely to be a priority unless evidence suggests a direct link to the transplant unit, which is not indicated here; Aspergillus is more commonly associated with air quality and room cleaning rather than fish tanks.
The focus on the date of the last terminal clean aligns with CBIC's emphasis on investigating environmental factors in healthcare-associated infection (HAI) clusters, enabling the IP to collaborate with Environmental Services to pinpoint potential sources and implement corrective actions (CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain II: Surveillance and Epidemiologic Investigation, Competency 2.2 - Analyze surveillance data). This step is foundational to controlling the outbreak and protecting vulnerable patients.
References: CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022, Domain II: Surveillance and Epidemiologic Investigation, Competency 2.2 - Analyze surveillance data; Domain III: Infection Prevention and Control, Competency 3.4 - Implement environmental cleaning and disinfection protocols.
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which of the following statements is true about the microbial activity of chlorhexidine soap?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Chlorhexidine soap is a widely used antiseptic agent in healthcare settings for hand hygiene and skin preparation due to its effective antimicrobial properties. The Certification Board of Infection Control and Epidemiology (CBIC) underscores the importance of proper hand hygiene and antiseptic use in the
"Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases" domain, aligning with guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Understanding the microbial activity of chlorhexidine is essential for infection preventionists to recommend its appropriate use.
Option D, "Persistent activity with a broad spectrum effect," is the true statement. Chlorhexidine exhibits a broad spectrum of activity, meaning it is effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria, some fungi, and certain viruses. Its persistent activity is a key feature, as it binds to the skin and provides a residual antimicrobial effect that continues to inhibit microbial growth for several hours after application. This residual effect is due to chlorhexidine's ability to adhere to the skin's outer layers, releasing slowly over time, which enhances its efficacy in preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). The CDC's "Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings" (2002) and WHO's
"Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care" (2009) highlight chlorhexidine's prolonged action as a significant advantage over other agents like alcohol.
Option A, "As fast as alcohol," is incorrect. Alcohol (e.g., 60-70% isopropyl or ethyl alcohol) acts rapidly by denaturing proteins and disrupting microbial cell membranes, providing immediate kill rates within seconds.
Chlorhexidine, while effective, has a slower onset of action, requiring contact times of 15-30 seconds or more to achieve optimal microbial reduction. Its strength lies in persistence rather than speed. Option B, "Can be used with any hand lotion," is false. Chlorhexidine's activity can be diminished or inactivated by certain hand lotions or creams containing anionic compounds (e.g., soaps or moisturizers with high pH), which neutralize its cationic properties. The CDC advises against combining chlorhexidine with incompatible products to maintain its efficacy. Option C, "Poor against gram positive bacteria," is incorrect. Chlorhexidine is highly effective against gram-positive bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus) and is often more potent against them than against gram-negative bacteria due to differences in cell wall structure, though it still has broad-spectrum activity.
The CBIC Practice Analysis (2022) supports the use of evidence-based antiseptics like chlorhexidine, and its persistent, broad-spectrum activity is well-documented in clinical studies (e.g., Larson, 1988, Journal of Hospital Infection). This makes Option D the most accurate statement regarding chlorhexidine soap's microbial activity.
References:
* CBIC Practice Analysis, 2022.
* CDC Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings, 2002.
* WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care, 2009.
* Larson, E. (1988). Guideline for Use of Topical Antimicrobial Agents. Journal of Hospital Infection.
NEW QUESTION # 40
What question would be appropriate for an infection preventionist to ask when reviewing the discussion section of an original article?
Answer: B
Explanation:
When reviewing the discussion section of an original article, an infection preventionist must focus on critically evaluating the interpretation of the study findings, their relevance to infection control, and their implications for practice. The discussion section typically addresses the meaning of the results, compares them to existing literature, and considers limitations or alternative interpretations. The appropriate question should align with the purpose of this section and reflect the infection preventionist's need to assess the validity and applicability of the research. Let's analyze each option:
* A. Was the correct sample size and analysis method chosen?: This question pertains to the methodology section of a research article, where the study design, sample size, and statistical methods are detailed.
While these elements are critical for assessing the study's rigor, they are not the primary focus of the discussion section, which interprets results rather than re-evaluating the study design. An infection preventionist might ask this during a review of the methods section, but it is less relevant here.
* B. Could alternative explanations account for the observed results?: The discussion section often explores whether the findings can be explained by factors other than the hypothesized cause, such as confounding variables, bias, or chance. This question is highly appropriate foran infection preventionist, as it encourages a critical assessment of whether the results truly support infection control interventions or if other factors (e.g., environmental conditions, patient factors) might be responsible. This aligns with CBIC's emphasis on evidence-based practice, where understanding the robustness of conclusions is key to applying research to infection prevention strategies.
* C. Is the study question important, appropriate, and stated clearly?: This question relates to the introduction or background section of an article, where the research question and its significance are established. While important for overall study evaluation, it is not specific to the discussion section, which focuses on interpreting results rather than revisiting the initial question. An infection preventionist might consider this earlier in the review process, but it does not fit the context of the discussion section.
* D. Are criteria used to measure the exposure and the outcome explicit?: This question is relevant to the methods section, where the definitions and measurement tools for exposures (e.g., a specific intervention) and outcomes (e.g., infection rates) are described. The discussion section may reference these criteria but focuses more on their implications rather than their clarity. This makes it less appropriate for the discussion section specifically.
The discussion section is where authors synthesize their findings, address limitations, and consider alternative explanations, making option B the most fitting. For an infection preventionist, evaluating alternative explanations is crucial to ensure that recommended practices (e.g., hand hygiene protocols or sterilization techniques) are based on solid evidence and not confounded by unaddressed variables. This critical thinking is consistent with CBIC's focus on applying research to improve infection control outcomes.
:
CBIC Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) Core Competency Model (updated 2023), Domain I:
Identification of Infectious Disease Processes, which emphasizes critical evaluation of research evidence.
CBIC Examination Content Outline, Domain V: Management and Communication, which includes assessing the validity of research findings for infection control decision-making.
NEW QUESTION # 41
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